6af34837d2
- Standalone Python disassembler for 24-bit ADSP-219x instructions - Complete instruction set reference (PDFs + extracted text) - Architecture documentation and getting-started guide - Test ROM generator with packed (3-byte) and padded (4-byte) formats - r2pipe-based analysis script for radare2 integration
361 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
361 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
1 INTRODUCTION
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Figure 1-0.
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Table 1-0.
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Listing 1-0.
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Purpose
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The ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set Reference provides assembly syntax
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information for the ADSP-219x Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The syn-
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tax descriptions cover instructions that execute within the DSP’s processor
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core (processing elements, program sequencer, and data address genera-
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tors). For architecture and design information on the DSP, see the
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ADSP-219x/2191 DSP Hardware Reference.
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Audience
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DSP system designers and programmers who are familiar with signal pro-
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cessing concepts are the primary audience for this manual. This manual
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assumes that the audience has a working knowledge of microcomputer
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technology and DSP-related mathematics.
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DSP system designers and programmers who are unfamiliar with signal
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processing can use this manual, but should supplement this manual with
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other texts, describing DSP techniques.
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All readers, particularly programmers, should refer to the DSP’s develop-
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ment tools documentation for software development information. For
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additional suggested reading, see “For More Information About Analog
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Products” on page 1-6.
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ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set Reference 1-1
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Contents Overview
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Contents Overview
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This reference presents instruction information organized by the type of
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the instruction. Instruction types relate to the machine language opcode
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for the instruction. On this DSP, the opcodes categorize the instructions
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by the portions of the DSP architecture that execute the instructions. The
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following chapters cover the different types of instructions:
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• “Instruction Set Summary” on page 2-1—This chapter provides a
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syntax summary of all instructions and describes the conventions
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that are used on the instruction reference pages.
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• “ALU Instructions” on page 3-1—These instruction specify opera-
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tions that occur in the DSP’s ALU.
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• “MAC Instructions” on page 4-1—These instructions specify oper-
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ations that occur in the DSP’s Multiply–Accumulator.
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• “Shifter Instructions” on page 5-1—These instructions specify
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operations that occur in the DSP’s Shifter.
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• “Multifunction Instructions” on page 6-1—These instructions
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specify parallel, single-cycle operations.
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• “Data Move Instructions” on page 7-1—These instructions specify
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memory and register access operations.
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• “Program Flow Instructions” on page 8-1—These instructions spec-
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ify program sequencer operations.
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• “Instruction Opcodes” on page 9-1—This chapter lists the instruc-
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tion encoding fields for all instructions.
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Each of the DSP’s instructions is specified in this text. The reference page
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for an instruction shows the syntax of the instruction, describes its func-
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tion, gives one or two assembly-language examples, and identifies fields of
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its opcode. The instructions are referred to by type, ranging from 1 to 37.
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1-2 ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set Reference
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Introduction
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These types correspond to the opcodes that ADSP-219x DSPs recognize,
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but are for reference only and have no bearing on programming.
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Some instructions have more than one syntactical form; for example,
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instruction “Type 9: Compute” on page 9-27 has many distinct forms.
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Many instructions can be conditional. These instructions are prefaced by
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IF COND; for example:
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If COND compute;
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In a conditional instruction, the execution of the entire instruction is
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based on the specified condition.
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Development Tools
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The ADSP-219x is supported by VisualDSP®, an easy-to-use project
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management environment, comprised of an Integrated Development
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Environment (IDE) and Debugger. VisualDSP lets you manage projects
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from start to finish from within a single, integrated interface. Because the
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project development and debug environments are integrated, you can
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move easily between editing, building, and debugging activities.
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Flexible Project Management. The IDE provides flexible project manage-
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ment for the development of DSP applications. The IDE includes access
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to all the activities necessary to create and debug DSP projects. You can
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create or modify source files or view listing or map files with the IDE Edi-
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tor. This powerful Editor is part of the IDE and includes multiple
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language syntax highlighting, OLE drag and drop, bookmarks, and stan-
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dard editing operations such as undo/redo, find/replace, copy/paste/cut,
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and goto.
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Also, the IDE includes access to the C Compiler, C Runtime Library,
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Assembler, Linker, Loader, Simulator, and Splitter. You specify options
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for these Tools through Property Page dialogs. Property Page dialogs are
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easy to use, and make configuring, changing, and managing your projects
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ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set Reference 1-3
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Development Tools
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simple. These options control how the tools process inputs and generate
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outputs, and have a one-to-one correspondence to the tools’ command
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line switches. You can define these options once, or modify them to meet
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changing development needs. You can also access the Tools from the oper-
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ating system command line if you choose.
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Greatly Reduced Debugging Time. The Debugger has an easy-to-use,
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common interface for all processor simulators and emulators available
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through Analog Devices and third parties or custom developments. The
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Debugger has many features that greatly reduce debugging time. You can
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view C source interspersed with the resulting Assembly code. You can pro-
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file execution of a range of instructions in a program; set simulated watch
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points on hardware and software registers, program and data memory; and
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trace instruction execution and memory accesses. These features enable
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you to correct coding errors, identify bottlenecks, and examine DSP per-
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formance. You can use the custom register option to select any
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combination of registers to view in a single window. The Debugger can
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also generate inputs, outputs, and interrupts so you can simulate real
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world application conditions.
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Software Development Tools. Software Development Tools, which sup-
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port the ADSP-219x Family, allow you to develop applications that take
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full advantage of the DSP architecture, including shared memory and
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memory overlays. Software Development Tools include C Compiler, C
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Runtime Library, DSP and Math Libraries, Assembler, Linker, Loader,
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Simulator, and Splitter.
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C Compiler & Assembler. The C Compiler generates efficient code that is
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optimized for both code density and execution time. The C Compiler
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allows you to include Assembly language statements inline. Because of
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this, you can program in C and still use Assembly for time-critical loops.
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You can also use pretested Math, DSP, and C Runtime Library routines to
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help shorten your time to market. The ADSP-219x Family Assembly lan-
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guage is based on an algebraic syntax that is easy to learn, program, and
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1-4 ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set Reference
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Introduction
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debug. The add instruction, for example, is written in the same manner as
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the actual equation (for example, AR = AX0 + AY0;).
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Linker & Loader. The Linker provides flexible system definition through
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Linker Description Files (.LDF). In a single LDF, you can define different
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types of executables for a single or multiprocessor system. The Linker
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resolves symbols over multiple executables, maximizes memory use, and
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easily shares common code among multiple processors. The Loader sup-
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ports creation of host (8- or 16-bit) port, SPI port, UART port, and
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PROM boot images. Along with the Linker, the Loader allows a variety of
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system configurations with smaller code and faster boot time.
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Simulator. The Simulator is a cycle-accurate, instruction-level simulator
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— allowing you to simulate your application in real time.
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3rd-Party Extensible. The VisualDSP environment enables third-party
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companies to add value using Analog Devices’ published set of Applica-
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tion Programming Interfaces (API). Third party products—runtime
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operating systems, emulators, high-level language compilers, multiproces-
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sor hardware —can interface seamlessly with VisualDSP thereby
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simplifying the tools integration task. VisualDSP follows the COM API
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format. Two API tools, Target Wizard and API Tester, are also available
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for use with the API set. These tools help speed the time-to-market for
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vendor products. Target Wizard builds the programming shell based on
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API features the vendor requires. The API tester exercises the individual
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features independently of VisualDSP. Third parties can use a subset of
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these APIs that meets their application needs. The interfaces are fully sup-
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ported and backward compatible.
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Further details and ordering information are available in the VisualDSP
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Development Tools data sheet. This data sheet can be requested from any
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Analog Devices sales office or distributor.
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ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set Reference 1-5
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For More Information About Analog Products
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For More Information About Analog
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Products
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Analog Devices is online on the internet at http://www.analog.com. Our
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Web pages provide information on the company and products, including
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access to technical information and documentation, product overviews,
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and product announcements.
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You may also obtain additional information about Analog Devices and its
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products in any of the following ways:
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• Visit our World Wide Web site at www.analog.com
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• FAX questions or requests for information to 1(781)461-3010.
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• Access the Computer Products Division File Transfer Protocol
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(FTP) site at ftp ftp.analog.com or ftp 137.71.23.21 or
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ftp://ftp.analog.com.
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For Technical or Customer Support
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You can reach our Customer Support group in the following ways:
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• E-mail questions to dsp.support@analog.com or
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dsp.europe@analog.com (European customer support)
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• Telex questions to 924491, TWX:710/394-6577
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• Cable questions to ANALOG NORWOODMASS
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• Contact your local ADI sales office or an authorized ADI distributor
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1-6 ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set Reference
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Introduction
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• Send questions by mail to:
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Analog Devices, Inc.
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DSP Division
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One Technology Way
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P.O. Box 9106
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Norwood, MA 02062-9106
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USA
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What’s New in This Manual
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This is the preliminary edition of the ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set
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Reference. Summaries of changes between editions will start with the next
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edition.
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Related Documents
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For more information about Analog Devices DSPs and development
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products, see the following documents:
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• ADSP-2191 DSP Microcomputer Data Sheet
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• ADSP-219x/2191 DSP Hardware Reference
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• Getting Started Guide for VisualDSP & ADSP-219x Family DSPs
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• VisualDSP User's Guide for ADSP-219x Family DSPs
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• C Compiler & Library Manual for ADSP-219x Family DSPs
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• Assembler Manual for ADSP-219x Family DSPs
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• Linker & Utilities Manual for ADSP-219x Family DSPs
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All the manuals are included in the software distribution CD-ROM. To
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access these manuals, use the Help Topics command in the VisualDSP
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environment’s Help menu and select the Online Manuals book. From this
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ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set Reference 1-7
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Conventions
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Help topic, you can open any of the manuals, which are in Adobe Acrobat
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PDF format.
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Conventions
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The following are conventions that apply to all chapters. Note that addi-
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tional conventions, which apply only to specific chapters, appear
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throughout this document.
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Table 1-1. Instruction set notation
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Notation Meaning
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UPPERCASE Explicit syntax—assembler keyword. (The assembler is case-
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insensitive.)
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; A semicolon terminates an instruction line.
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, A comma separates multiple, parallel instructions in the same
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instruction line.
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// single line comment // or /* */ indicate comments or remarks that explain program code,
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/* multi line comment */ but that the assembler ignores. For more details, see the Assembler
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Manual for ADSP-219x Family DSPs.
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| option1 | You must choose one of the items enclosed within two vertical bars.
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| option2 |
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[ (DB) ] Brackets enclose an optional instruction component. The option’s
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syntax includes everything within the brackets, as shown. In this
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case, (DB) is the delayed branch option.
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<imm#> Denotes an immediate value (data or address) of # bits.
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<data#>
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COND Denotes a status condition.
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1-8 ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set Reference
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Introduction
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Table 1-1. Instruction set notation (Cont’d)
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Notation Meaning
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TERM Denotes a loop termination condition. For details, see “Type 11: Do
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··· Until” on page 9-34.
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Dreg Denotes an unrestricted (Group 0) data register used as either an x
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or y-input operand. For details, see “Core Registers” on page 7-2.
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XOP Denotes a restricted data register used for the x-input operand in a
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compute instruction. For details, see “Input Registers” on page 3-2.
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YOP Denotes a restricted data register used for the y-input operand in a
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compute operation. For details, see “Input Registers” on page 3-2.
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Ireg DAG address register. Denotes an index register (I0–I7).
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Mreg DAG address register. Denotes a modify register (M0–M7).
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Lreg DAG address register. Denotes a length register (L0–L7).
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Breg DAG address register. Denotes a base register (B0–B7).
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(Ireg + Mreg) Indirect addressing mode. Denotes premodify addressing with no
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update. Same as (Mreg, Ireg) syntax.
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(Ireg += Mreg) Indirect addressing mode. Denotes postmodify addressing with
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update. Same as (Ireg, Mreg) syntax.
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0x Denotes number in hexidecimal format (0xFFFF).
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h# Denotes number in hexidecimal format (h#FFFF).
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b# Denotes number in binary format (b#0001000100010001).
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ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set Reference 1-9
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Conventions
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1-10 ADSP-219x DSP Instruction Set Reference
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